Toast the pine nuts on a baking sheet in the oven at gas mark 6 for about 4 minutes, or until lightly browned.
Coarsely chop the basil leaves. Combine the basil and garlic and pound to a coarse paste using the pestle and mortar. Add the nuts and pound until a smooth paste forms. Stir in the Parmesan, then 3/4 cup of the olive oil.
Season with salt and pepper to taste and transfer the pesto to a serving bowl. Can be stored in a sealed container in the fridge for up to 1 week.
Notes
pesto is a generic term for anything that is made by pounding. Therefore this basic recipe can be adapted to many other variants by swapping in or out your favourite ingredients. Some examples include:
wild garlic
watercress
red pepper
avocado
hazelnut and green olive
pistachio and oregano
sun-dried tomato
rocket & walnut
The list goes on and is only really limited by your imagination!A slightly different version of this sauce exists in Provence, where it is known as pistou which is generally made with olive oil, basil and garlic only: while cheese may be added, usually no nuts are included in a traditional pistou because no pine trees grow there to provide the nuts.